Nā mea hana o Indonesia, ʻO nā hale lole lole palapala lāloko, ʻO nā lako kāla, ʻO nā lako hale kūʻai, Kahua nā lole wicker lole waho, Hōtana o Indonesia, ʻO nā mea papahana Indonesia, Nona no ka hokele

Hāʻawi ʻo Piguno e like me nā lako lole Indonesia Nā mea hana o Indonesia, mea e hoʻokaʻawale i hale kūʻai hale ʻoihana mahogany i nā mea hoʻihoʻi ma waho kai, mea lako no ka papahana o nā hōkele, kukui, nā mea hoʻonaninani home & mea hana ʻo Indonesia, ʻĀsia no ka papahana hōkele, keʻena, kahi noho, SPA, hale ʻaina, hale hoʻolauleʻa me nā kumukūʻai a me nā kumukūʻai kūʻai nui. Nā lakohana o nā koleko, ʻO nā mea kālai lāʻau mahogany Indonesia, ʻO nā māla hale kiaʻi i waho o Indonesia, ka lako hale, nā mea hana hou o kēia wā, ua kāʻei hou i nā lako kai, ʻO nā lako'ōpiopio o Indonesia, nā mea kākā lāʻau kai, nā mea ʻeka lāʻau, nā mea kākā i pili pono i ka rattan, Eia no hoi Mea hoʻolalima mea waiwai, nā lako lako paʻa, nā mea kila kila, Makahiki nā hale lole makona ʻo Asia, ʻO Indonesia mea hana hale kalana.

Ahea kēia… .. kūʻai, kūʻai, hale kūʻai, luna hoʻomalu, hoʻolālā hale, ka hale, nā hale ʻokoʻa, ka hale hōʻaila, etc.

ʻO nā mea hana kai pono, ʻO nā mea lole kūloko kūloko iā Java, ʻO nā mea'onihana rattana Indonesia, Nā mea kūʻai Bali

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Ma nā makahiki 1920, ua hoʻokumu ka mea hoʻolālā a Bauhaus a me ka mea hoʻolālā ʻo Marcel Breuer i nā mea he nui nā lako nā hoʻolālā i lilo i kēia lā i mea hana maʻamau i hoʻohana ākea ʻia e nā mea hoʻolālā kūloko no ka hale a me ka ʻaoʻao ʻoihana.

ʻO ka hana hou a Breuer ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kila tubular i lena i ka hana ʻia o nā lako. I kēia manawa, e hoʻohana ana i ka kila tubular no nā lako he manaʻo hoʻohuli kipi. Ua hoʻonāukiuki ʻia ʻo Breuer e kāna mau pūkeke paikikala kamaʻāina, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia me ka kila tubular pio no ka manawa mua no ka mea ua hiki i ka mea hana kila Kelemania ʻo Mannesmann ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ke kaʻina hana o ka hana ke kila kila kila.

E like me kāna i ʻōlelo ai: Inā hiki iā ʻoe ke pelu i kahi paipu i kahi paʻa, no ke aha e hiki ʻole ai ke kūlou i loko nā lako? ” ʻO ka hopena he ʻāpana o nā lako ʻO ia ka māmā-kaupaona, hana a nani hoʻi. Ma muli o ke kumu kūʻai ʻole e hoʻonui ai i ka nui, ua hoʻokō ʻia nā manaʻo kaiāulu a me ka maikaʻi o ka neʻe ʻana o ka modernist.

ʻOiai ʻo Breuer i hana i nā hoʻolālā noho mau, nā Breuer Chair e pili mau ana i ka Cesca Chair āna i hana ai i 1928, a ma hope kapa ʻia kāna kaikamahine ʻo Francesca. ʻO ka hoʻolālā hou o ka Cesca Chair kāna ʻano cantilever i hoʻohana ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kila kila tubular a me ka noho lāʻau a me ke kō a me ke kua.

Akā ʻaʻole ʻo ka Cesca Chair ka breakthrough mua loa a Breuer i kēia au nā lako hoʻolālā - pili kēlā hanohano i ka noho Model B3 maʻamau, i kapa ʻia ma hope ka noho Wassily no ka hoʻohanohano ʻana i ka hoaloha o kāna Breuer, ka mea pena kiʻi ʻo Wassily Kandinsky.

ʻO ka Cesca a me Wassily Chairs ke hana nei mai ka hopena o 1920. ʻO nā kuleana inoa inoa no nā Cesca Chair a me ka Chair Wassily na Knoll, kahi hui i hoʻokumu ʻia e Hans G. Knoll ma 1938 ma New York. Ke hana nei ka Knoll Group i kekahi mau Breuer nā lako nā hoʻolālā, a ʻelua mau ʻano hoʻohālikelike ona, ka Noho Cesca a me ka Noho Wassily. Hana ʻia kekahi mau noho hoʻohua e nā mea hana ʻē aʻe a puni ka honua, e hoʻohana nei i nā inoa like ʻole e kūʻai aku i ka nā lako.

Loaʻa nā noho Wassily i kēia lā ma o Knoll i kēia mau kikoʻī: nā ana o ka noho he 31 ʻīniha ka laulā x 27 1.2 iniha ka hohonu x 29 ʻīniha ke kiʻekiʻe, me kahi kiʻekiʻe o 16 ½ ʻīniha. ʻO ka noho o kahi ʻili huluhulu ʻili cowhide mānoanoa i loaʻa i ka ʻeleʻele, brown brown a beige keʻokeʻo paha.

ʻO ka hoʻolālā break-through hou a Breuer, ma hope o ka noho Wassily, ʻo ia ka noho Cesca. ʻO ka hoʻolālā B5 Chair ka mea i lilo i "antidote drama i ka noho nui o ke au iā Edwardian."

ʻO kahi hoʻolālā cantilever maoli, ʻaʻohe wāwae o ka noho Cesca ma ka hope, a hilinaʻi ia no ke kākoʻo i nā mea ʻoihana o ke kila kila. ʻO ka manaʻo maikaʻi o Breuer e hoʻohana i ka paipu kila ʻaʻole ikaika, a laila e hana ana i kahi noho manuahi manuahi e hoʻokokoke aku i kāna mea maikaʻi loa o ka "noho ʻana ma nā kolamu o ka ea."

ʻO kēia noho ke kūleʻa kālā nui a Breuer a ʻoiai radical no kona manawa, i kēia lā he mea kūpono - maikaʻi a ikaika hoʻi. Ua hana ka nui o nā ʻoihana i kēia hoʻolālā makemake nui ʻia, no laila hiki i ka paʻakikī ke koho ʻana i nā mea hana "kūhelu" o ka noho Cesca, a he nui nā kope maikaʻi loa, akā aia ʻekolu mau hui i hana pololei me Breuer i ka hana. o ka noho Cesca.

ʻO Thonet ka mea mua, e hoʻomaka ana ma 1927, a hiki i ke Kaua Honua II. Ma nā makahiki 1950, Dino Gavina, a nā lako ʻO ka mea hana ma Foligno, Italia, hoʻomaka lākou e hana me Breuer, a laila i loko o nā makahiki 1960, ua kūʻai ʻia ʻo Gavina e Knoll, ʻo ia wale nō nā mea hana i nā noho ʻoiaʻiʻo "Cesca".

Ke kūʻai ʻana i kahi noho Cesca, aia kekahi mau kikoʻī e nānā i kēlā ʻokoʻa i kahi noho Cesca kiʻekiʻe mai kahi mea hana maikaʻi ʻole ʻia: 1) ʻo ka lihi mua o ka noho lāʻau e wili iki i lalo me ka kahaki lalo o ka tubing; 2) pono mau nā paipu me nā paipu (ʻaʻohe humuhumu ma waena o ka Tube a me ka pāpale); a me 3) nā kūlou i ka paipu e mālama i ka radius mau a ʻaʻole e pālahalaha iki i ka wā e piʻo ai ka Knoll Cesca Noho ma kahi mana lima ʻole a me ka noho lima.

Ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana iā Bauhaus, ua hoʻomau ʻo Breuer i kāna mau hoʻokolohua me nā lako hoʻolālā a hana pōkole no ka Isokon Company ma Pelekane. ʻO kāna hoʻolālā no ka noho Isokon e noho ana i hoʻohuli ʻia e Alvar Aalto e hana nei me nā lāʻau i loli ʻia i Finilani i ka manawa like. ʻO ka mea e mahalo ai, ʻo Alvar Aalto, i hoʻoikaika ʻia e ka mea kila kila o Breuer nā lako o ka 1920s.

I ka 1935, i ka wā i hōʻea ai ʻo Breuer i Lādana e hoʻolālā nā lako no Isokon, ua hoʻolālā ʻo ia e hoʻomau i kāna hana me ka hoʻohana i ka kila tubular. Eia naʻe, ua koi aku ka mea nona ʻo Isokon, ʻo Jack Pritchard e hana ʻo Breuer i ka lāʻau ma kahi o ka mea hao, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka plywood. Ua loaʻa iā Pritchard kahi ʻike ma mua i ka ʻoihana plywood nāna i alakaʻi iā ia e hoʻomaka a nā lako hui I ka wā o ka luna mua o ka Bauhaus, ʻo Walter Gropius i hōʻea i Ladana i 1935, ua hoʻokūpaʻa kēia i kāna mau hoʻolālā. Ua lilo ʻo ia i Isolkon's Controller of Design a ʻo ia ka mea i ʻōlelo iā Pritchard e hoʻolimalima iā Breuer, ke Kumu mua o ka hale kamana ma Bauhaus, ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻolālā nāna.

ʻO ka hopena ka hoʻolālā ʻana o kahi hoʻonohonoho ʻelima ʻāpana nui loa e komo pū me kahi noho lima, kahi lumi chaise, a me kahi pūnana o nā papa, i ʻike ʻia i kēia manawa he mau hōʻailona ma ka makahiki 20. nā lako mea i manao ai.

ʻOiai ua hana ka ʻoihana nā lako e kekahi mau mea hoʻolālā, ʻo ia nā hoʻolālā a Breuer i hāʻawi i kahi kaulana kaulana iā Isokon. ʻO kā Isokon mau hoʻolālā o 30 mau makahiki i hoʻomanawanui i kēia manawa a aia i waena o nā mea nui a kumu nā lako nā hoʻolālā o ke kenekulia 20.

ʻO kēia mau hoʻolālā noho āpau - ka Cesca, ka Wassily, a me nā noho Isokon - noho mau nā mea kahiko mai ka wā i hana ʻia i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 20 kenekulia, a hoʻomau lākou i ka noho nani a hoʻomau i nā mea hoʻohui i kēlā me kēia home a me kahi keʻena.

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